Land Area
China
9,596,961 km²
Largest
Mongolia
1,564,116 km²
16.3% of largest
China is 6.14× larger than Mongolia
Population
China
LARGEST
1.41B
PEOPLE
Mongolia
0.2% OF LARGEST
3.28M
PEOPLE
China has 430.90× the population of Mongolia
GDP
China
LARGEST
$17.96T
Mongolia
0.1% OF LARGEST
$13.9B
Armed Forces
Active Personnel
China
LARGEST
2.04M
TROOPS
Mongolia
0.5% OF LARGEST
9.7K
TROOPS
China has 209.79× the active personnel of Mongolia
Air Force
China
LARGEST
3.29K
AIRCRAFT
Mongolia
1.2% OF LARGEST
39
AIRCRAFT
China has 84.23× the aircraft of Mongolia
Naval Assets
China
Mongolia
Wealth
Gold Reserves
China
LARGEST
2,279.6
Metric Tonnes
Mongolia
0.3% OF LARGEST
7.3
Metric Tonnes
Foreign-Exchange Reserves
China
LARGEST
$3.27T
Reserves · excl. gold
Mongolia
0.2% OF LARGEST
$4B
Reserves · excl. gold
Billionaires
China
MOST
473
billionaires
Mongolia
—
Oil
Proven Reserves
China
LARGEST
26
Billion barrels
Production & Consumption
China
NET IMPORTER
Production
4.1M b/d
Consumption
15.4M b/d
−11.3M b/d net
Trade (Import/Export)
China
$3,753.1B
Exports
$3,753.1B
Imports
$3,219.3B
Trade Balance
+$533.7B
Trade Surplus
Mongolia
$16.4B
Exports
$16.4B
Imports
$16.6B
Trade Balance
$-0.2B
Trade Deficit
Drinks per Person
Coffee
kg / person / yr
Mongolia
supply
China
consumption
Tea
kg / person / yr
Mongolia
supply
China
consumption
Beer
litres / person / yr
Mongolia
supply
China
consumption
Wine
litres / person / yr
China
consumption
Mongolia
supply
Alcohol
litres pure alcohol / person / yr
Mongolia
consumption
China
consumption
Smoking
% of adults 15+ who smoke
Mongolia
China
Per-capita — consumption where available, else FAOSTAT supply · alcohol = litres of pure alcohol; smoking = % of adults 15+ (WHO)
Olympic Medals
China
330
Gold
262
Silver
227
Bronze
819
Total Medals
☀ Summer: 727
❄ Winter: 92
Mongolia
2
Gold
12
Silver
17
Bronze
31
Total Medals
☀ Summer: 31
❄ Winter: 0
Religious Demographics
Religious Distribution
Religious Composition by Country
China
Mongolia
Age Demographics
Median Age
China
39.0
YEARS
10
30
50
70
Mongolia
29.8
YEARS
10
30
50
70
Age Distribution
Population breakdown by age bracket (percentage)
Demographic Insights
Age Gap
China is 9.2 years older (median) than Mongolia
Youth Population
Mongolia has the highest youth population at 53% (under 30)
Elderly Population
China has the highest elderly population at 19.0% (60+)
Global Statistics
| Metric |
China
|
Mongolia
|
|---|---|---|
| Travel & Mobility | ||
| Passport Power visa-free destinations |
85
|
— |
| Tourist Arrivals per year |
65.7M
|
— |
| Culture & Prestige | ||
| Nobel Laureates all-time |
8
|
— |
| 3-Michelin-Star Restaurants current guide |
9
|
— |
Figures as of 2026. Sources: IMF, EIA/OPEC, Henley Passport Index, UNWTO, Forbes, Michelin Guide, Nobel Foundation.
Cost of Living
|
Metric
All indices use New York City as base (100)
Lower values indicate lower costs.
|
China
|
Mongolia
|
|---|---|---|
| Cost of Living Index |
|
|
| Rent Index |
|
|
| Groceries Index |
|
|
| Restaurant Price Index |
|
|
| Local Purchasing Power |
|
|
| Common Expenses Comparison | ||
| Meal at Inexpensive Restaurant (USD) | $5 | $4 |
| Three-Course Meal for 2 (USD) | $25 | $20 |
| Monthly Rent - City Center (USD) | $600 | $400 |
| Monthly Rent - Outside Center (USD) | $380 | $250 |
| Monthly Utilities (USD) | $50 | $60 |
| Internet (60 Mbps, USD) | $20 | $20 |
| Monthly Public Transport Pass (USD) | $30 | $15 |
Historical Data
Basic Information
| Metric | China | Mongolia |
|---|---|---|
| Population | 1412600000 | 3278290 |
| Area (sq km) | 9596961 | 1564116 |
| Capital | Beijing | Ulaanbaatar |
| Official Language | Mandarin Chinese | Mongolian |
| Currency | Renminbi (Yuan, CNY) | Mongolian Tögrög (MNT) |
| Government Type | Unitary one-party socialist republic | Unitary semi-presidential republic |
Military Strength
| Metric | China | Mongolia |
|---|---|---|
| Active Personnel | 2,035,000 | 9,700 |
| Reserve Personnel | 510,000 | 137,000 |
| Total Military Personnel | 2,545,000 | 146,700 |
| Defense Budget (USD) | $292,000,000,000 | $115,000,000 |
| Tanks | 5,651 | 470 |
| Armored Vehicles | 35,000 | 650 |
| Self-Propelled Artillery | 4,120 | 30 |
| Towed Artillery | 6,246 | 150 |
| Rocket Projectors | 2,430 | 130 |
Economy
| Metric | China | Mongolia |
|---|---|---|
| GDP (USD) | $17,963,200,000,000 | $13,900,000,000 |
| GDP Per Capita (USD) | $12,720 | $4,240 |
| Unemployment Rate (%) | 4.0% | 7.3% |
| GINI Index (Income Inequality) | 38.5 | 32.7 |
| Currency | Renminbi (Yuan, CNY) | Mongolian Tögrög (MNT) |
| Direct Currency Comparison (1 unit of row currency equals X units of column currency) | ||
| China Currency | 1.00 (Same) | 0.0019 Weaker |
| Mongolia Currency | 527.3104 Stronger | 1.00 (Same) |
| USD Base Exchange Rates (All calculations use USD as the base currency) | ||
| Currency | CNY | MNT |
| 1 USD equals | 6.8086 CNY Updated: 2026-06-27 | 3590.2456 MNT Updated: 2026-06-27 |
Interesting Comparisons & Trivia
Did You Know?
China is 6.1 times larger in area than Mongolia.
China has 430.9 times more people than Mongolia.
With over a billion people, that's more than 1/8 of humanity!
China has the highest GDP per capita at $12,720 among the selected countries.
China has the largest economy with a GDP of
$17.96 trillion.
China has the largest active military personnel with 2,035,000 troops.
China has the largest air force with 3,285 aircraft.
China has the largest navy with 777 vessels.
China Fact: China produces more than 1.4 billion tons of rice annually, feeding nearly 20% of the world's population.
China vs Mongolia: Key Comparisons
Economy: China's GDP of $18.0T is 1292.3x larger than Mongolia's $14B — both among the world's largest economies.
Population: China's population of 1.4B is 430.9x larger than Mongolia's 3M.
Area: China covers 9,596,961 km², making it 6.1x larger than Mongolia.
Military: China fields 2Million active troops vs Mongolia's 9.7Thousand.
Trade: China runs a trade surplus of $534B while Mongolia has a trade deficit of $0B.
Life Expectancy: China leads with a life expectancy of 77 years vs Mongolia's 70.
Data compiled from World Bank, IMF, Global Firepower, SIPRI, Numbeo, and Pew Research.
Last updated June 2026.
Sources & methodology